Xexeame katã - Premier Propylene Glycol: Nu gbagbewo ƒe atike si wɔa dɔ geɖe

Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ kple Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya ƒe Nɔnɔmewo

Dzedzeme Kple Ʋeʋẽ: Propylene glycol dzena abe tsi si me amadede mele o, si me kɔ, eye wòle ʋeʋẽm ene. Eƒe vivi vivina vie eye ʋeʋẽ aɖeke mele eme o kloe, si wɔe be wòsɔ na dɔwɔwɔ le afisiwo wòhiã be woawɔ seselelãme ƒe nɔnɔme si medea akpa aɖeke dzi o.

Eƒe ʋeʋẽ lilili: Eɖea tsakatsaka nyui aɖe fiana, be ete ŋu tsakana kple tsi, ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe atike bubu geɖewo keŋkeŋ. Nɔnɔme sia na wòte ŋu wɔa dɔ abe atike si wotsɔna tsia ami kple amikui si wɔa dɔ nyuie ene le atike vovovowo me.

Ŋutilã me Nu Vevi Siwo Nɔa Anyi Madzudzɔmadzudzɔe: Esi propylene glycol ƒe molar mass nye 76.09 g/mol ta la, eƒe kpekpeme anɔ abe 1.036 g/cm3 ene le 25°C, si lolo vie wu tsi. Eƒe dzoxɔxɔ nye - 59°C, si wɔnɛ be wòte ŋu nɔa tsi ƒe nɔnɔme me le dzoxɔxɔ ƒe didime si keke ta me. Dzoxɔxɔa nɔa tsitre ɖe 188.2°C le nyaƒoɖeamenu si wozãna ɖaa nu, si fia be eli ke le nutome ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si sɔ me. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe teƒea lolo vie, anɔ abe 99°C (wotu - kplu), si ɖea afɔku si le dzobibi le vo me dzi kpɔtɔna.

Atikewo ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ: Abe diol ene la, propylene glycol ate ŋu akpɔ gome le atikewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ vovovo siwo bɔ ɖe aha ƒe hatsotsowo me. Ate ŋu awɔ ester ne wowɔ dɔ kple carboxylic acids, si le vevie ŋutɔ le dɔwɔƒewo kple nuƒlelawo ƒe nu geɖe wɔwɔ me. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ate ŋu ato tsikuɖiɖi ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo me le nɔnɔme tɔxɛ aɖewo me, si ana woawɔ intramolecular cyclic ethers alo intermolecular polymers.

Afisiwo Woawɔ Dɔ Le

Nuɖuɖu Kple Nunono Dɔwɔƒe: Propylene glycol wɔa dɔ geɖe le akpa sia me. Ewɔa dɔ abe tsilénu ene, kpena ɖe tsidzadza ŋu le nuɖuɖuwo abe abolomenuwo, nuɖuɖuvivinuwo, kple nyinotsinuwo me, si wɔnɛ be woƒe agbenɔƒe didi ɖe edzi eye woƒe nɔnɔme nɔa anyi. Abe atike ene la, wozãnɛ tsɔ ƒoa nu viviwo, amadedewo, kple nusiwo wotsɔ dzraa nu ɖo, si wɔnɛ be woama wo ɖekae le nuɖuɖu kple nunono ƒe wɔwɔmewo me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, zi geɖe la, wokpɔnɛ le tsi vivi siwo wotsɔ wɔa aha fafɛwo me eye wònye nusi tsɔa ami vevi siwo le nuɖuɖu me. Woda asi ɖe edzi hã be enye nuɖuɖu kpeɖeŋutɔ (E1520) le Europa Dukɔwo ƒe Habɔbɔ me, eye zi geɖe la, United States ƒe Nuɖuɖu Kple Atike Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (FDA) da asi ɖe edzi be ele dedie (GRAS) ne wozãe le seɖoƒe siwo woɖo ɖi nu.

Atikewɔƒewo: Le atikewo me la, propylene glycol wɔa akpa vevi aɖe. Wozãnɛ geɖe abe atike siwo melɔ̃na le tsi me bɔbɔe o ƒe atike ene, si wɔnɛ be woƒe wɔwɔme nɔa bɔbɔe be woazu atike siwo woano, esiwo wodona ɖe lãme, kple esiwo wodona ɖe lãme. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le atike geɖe siwo wozãna le nu me me la, propylene glycol kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòlɔa atike siwo le dɔ wɔm la me, si wɔnɛ be wokpɔa egbɔ be wozãe wòde pɛpɛpɛ. Le atike siwo wozãna ɖe ŋutigbalẽ ŋu abe kreme kple ami ene me la, ewɔa dɔ abe tsi si naa tsi kple gege ɖe lãme na ame ene, si wɔnɛ be ŋutigbalẽa te ŋu xɔa atikewo nyuie wu. Dɔlékuiwutike kple fungi ƒe ŋutete aɖewo hã le esi, si kpena ɖe atikewo takpɔkpɔ ŋu.

Atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo Kple Ame ŋutɔ ƒe Belélename: Propylene glycol nye nu vevi aɖe si wozãna le atsyɔ̃ɖomi kple ame ŋutɔ ƒe belélenamenuwo ƒe hatsotso gbogbo aɖewo me. Le ŋutigbalẽlénuwo abe tsilétikewo, ʋumenugbagbeviɣiwo, kple ŋutiklɔtikewo me la, ewɔa dɔ abe tsi si naa tsi nɔa ŋutigbalẽa me ene, eye wòhea tsi tso ya me heblanɛ ɖe ŋutigbalẽa ŋu, si wɔnɛ be tsi nɔa ŋutigbalẽa me. Eƒe ʋeʋẽ lilili nana wòte ŋu ƒoa nu vovovo siwo wɔa dɔ kple ʋeʋẽ lililiwo, si wɔnɛ be woma wo ɖe nusiwo wowɔ me sɔsɔe. Wozãnɛ hã le ɖalélenutsitikewo abe ɖaƒoƒo kple ɖawɔnuwo ene me be woƒe nɔnɔme nanyo ɖe edzi eye wòakpe ɖe ame ŋu le nu nyuiwo tsɔtsɔ yi ɖa ƒe lãkusi me. Le ɖaƒoƒo me la, propylene glycol wɔa dɔ abe nusi naa ɖa ƒoa ɖa ene, si wɔnɛ be ɖaƒoƒoa megagbãna eye wògbãna bɔbɔe o.

Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ: Propylene glycol nye nu vevi aɖe le dɔwɔƒewo ƒe nu vovovowo wɔwɔ me. Enye nu vevi aɖe si wotsɔ wɔa nu vevi aɖe le polyester aŋɔ siwo me mekɔ o ƒe wɔwɔme me, siwo wozãna geɖe le fiberglass - plastik siwo ŋu wodo ŋusẽe wɔwɔ me. Plastik siawo kpɔa dɔwɔwɔ le dɔwɔƒewo abe ʋuwo, xɔtuɖaŋu, kple ƒudzimɔzɔzɔ ene me, le woƒe ŋusẽ - kple - kpekpeme ƒe sɔsɔme gã kple woƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ ŋu ta. Le ʋuwɔƒewo la, wozãa propylene glycol - si wotu ɖe tsikpe kple fafanu ƒe atikewo dzi tsɔ ɖɔa mɔ̃wo ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ɖo, si xea mɔ na dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme kple tsikpe. Ewɔa dɔ hã abe atike si wotsɔna tsia nu kple nulénu ene le nusiwo wotsɔ blaa nu, nuŋlɔtsi, kple nusiwo wotsɔna léa nu ɖe ​​nu ŋu me, si wɔnɛ be woƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple wo zazã ƒe nɔnɔmewo nyona ɖe edzi.

Dzadzraɖomɔnu Siwo Wozãna

Epoxy Propane ƒe Tsi ƒe Ʋuʋu: Esia nye mɔnu siwo bɔ wu le dɔwɔƒewo dometɔ ɖeka. Le esia wɔwɔ me la, epoxy propane (propylene oxide) wɔa dɔ kple tsi le nusi naa nu ʋãna ƒe anyinɔnɔ me. Nuwɔna sia ate ŋu adzɔ le nɔnɔme vovovowo me. Le tsi - tsidede mɔnu tẽ me la, wozãa dzoxɔxɔ gã (anɔ abe 150 - 200°C ene) kple nyaƒoɖeamenu (0.98 - 2.94 MPa), eye tsi - kple - epoxy propane molar ratio zi geɖe anɔ abe 20. Togbɔ be epoxy propane ƒe tɔtrɔ yi propylene glycol ateŋu aɖo abe 85% ene hã la, polypropylene glycol ƒe nuwɔna aɖewo hã dzɔna. Mɔnu bubu enye acid - catalyzed hydrolysis, afisi wotsɔa acid catalyst sue aɖe (abe sulphuric acid ene) dea eme. Wowɔa nuwɔna la le dzoxɔxɔ si bɔbɔ vie wu (50 - 70°C), eye ehiã be woaɖe nusi do tso eme la ɖa eye woakɔ eŋu to mɔnuwo abe vacuum distillation ene me be woakpɔ propylene glycol si me kɔ ŋutɔ.

Glycerol ƒe Ʋuʋudedi ƒe Hydrogenolysis: Woate ŋu azã glycerol abe nu xoxo ene atsɔ awɔ propylene glycol. Le mɔnu sia me la, glycerol toa eƒe hydroxyl ƒuƒoƒoawo ƒe protonation me gbã, eye emegbe tsi ɖeɖe le molecule me tsɔ wɔa domedomenuwo abe enols kple keto - aldehyde tautomers ene. Emegbe domedomenuwo siawo toa haidrodzin me le nusi naa nu ʋãna (abe nusi wotsɔ wɔa akɔbli ene) ƒe anyinɔnɔ me, eye mlɔeba la, wokpɔa 1,2 - propylene glycol. Viɖe le mɔnu sia ŋu be wozãa nuɖuɖu si woate ŋu azã yeyee (glycerol), si woate ŋu akpɔ tso teƒewo abe biodiesel wɔwɔ ene.

Nu Gbagbewo Ŋuti Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe Mɔnuwo: Woate ŋu atrɔ asi le nugbagbevi sue aɖewo abe dɔlékui ƒomevi aɖewo kple amɔwɔʋãnu ene ŋu be woawɔ propylene glycol to woƒe ʋeʋẽ ƒe mɔnuwo dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne wotrɔ asi le Escherichia coli alo Klebsiella pneumoniae ƒe domenyiŋusẽfianu ŋu la, woate ŋu ana woatrɔ sukli (abe sukli ene) alo glycerol woazu propylene glycol. Nu gbagbewo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe mɔnu sia megblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple atikewɔmɔnu xoxowo, elabena ewɔa dɔ le nɔnɔme siwo me fa wu me eye ate ŋu azã carbon dzɔtsoƒe yeyewo. Ke hã, mɔnu siawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple gazazã nyuie gakpɔtɔ nye nusiwo ŋu wole numekuku wɔm le vevie hewɔ ŋgɔyiyi le.

Afɔɖeɖewo

Lãmesẽnyawo Ŋu Bubu: Togbɔ be zi geɖe la, wobua propylene glycol be ele dedie be woazãe le nuɖuɖu, atikewo, kple atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo me le seɖoƒe si dzi woda asi ɖo nu hã la, ne wozãe le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me alo enono ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmesẽ ŋu. Ne woɖu nu geɖe la, ate ŋu ahe dzesiwo abe ʋuʋudedi, ʋuʋudedi, kple aɖuɖɔtoe ene vɛ. Le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me la, ate ŋu ahe metabolic acidosis, si nye nɔnɔme si me ŋutilãa ƒoa acid nu ƒu akpa. Ŋutilã ƒe kadodo kple propylene glycol si me wode nu me ate ŋu ana ame aɖewo nado dziku, vevietɔ amesiwo ƒe ŋutigbalẽ sea veve. Ele be woaƒo asa na ŋutigbalẽ ƒe ʋuʋu ɣeyiɣi didi alo enuenu. Ne wozãe le dɔwɔƒewo la, ya nyui dodo hiã be woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe propylene glycol ƒe yaƒoƒo ƒe gbɔgbɔ nu, elabena gbɔgbɔ si sɔ gbɔ ate ŋu ana gbɔgbɔtsixe natsi ame nu.

Dzo kple Wowó ƒe Afɔkuwo: Propylene glycol te ŋu xɔa dzo, togbɔ be eƒe keklẽ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ sɔ gbɔ vie hã. Eƒe yaƒoƒo ate ŋu awɔ tsakatsaka siwo ate ŋu awó kple ya le nɔnɔme aɖewo me. Ele be woana teƒe siwo wodzraa nu ɖo kple esiwo ŋu wodzraa nu ɖo la nate ɖa tso dzobibi, dzobibi, kple dzodoƒe bubuwo gbɔ. Ele be nudzraɖoƒe siwo me dzo mate ŋu age ɖo o kple dzotsimɔ̃ siwo sɔ nanɔ teƒe siwo wodzraa propylene glycol ɖo alo zãnɛ.
Nutoa Me Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi: Togbɔ be propylene glycol nye nusi gblẽna le nugbagbewo ŋu hã la, esi woɖena ɖe nutome gã aɖe me, vevietɔ ɖe tsiwo me, ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe edzi kokoko. Le tsi me nuɖoanyiwo me la, ate ŋu aɖu ɔksidzin ne ele gbegblẽm, si ate ŋu agblẽ nu le tsi me nugbagbewo ŋu. Eyata ele be woawɔ gbeɖuɖɔwo dzi kpɔkpɔ nyuie ahaxe mɔ ɖe wo nu be woaxe mɔ ɖe propylene glycol ƒe dodo ɖe nutoa me si dzi womeɖu o nu.

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